Introduction

Every day we hear about pollution, global warming and animal species facing extinction.  Although human beings are the most intelligent life on the earth, they are responsible for almost all the damage which has been done.  All of our water, food, medicines and fuel come from the world’s natural resources.  Human population is growing rapidly, so is our consumption of these resources, many of which are non-renewable, i.e. they cannot be replaced.

Main problems facing the planet:

Ozone layer

There are large holes in the ozone layer, and ultraviolet rays are causing eye cataracts and cancers.

Climate change and global warming

The earth’s temperature is increasing because of a build up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This will cause climate change, rising sea levels, storms, hurricanes, floods and death.

Deforestation

½ of the world’s rainforests have been chopped down since 1945.  An area the size of the UK is lost every week.  Rainforests cover 6% of world’s surface, but contain 50% of all species and plants,  some of which provide vital  medicines.  Natural habitats are being destroyed.  The long-term effects on the world are still unknown.

Pollution and Waste 

Pollution and waste are building up, including acid rain, nuclear waste, toxic waste and chemicals.

Population pressure 

The population explosion means greater pressure on the world’s resources.

Urban explosion  

Cities are doubling or troubling in size every 12 years; this means loss of green land, and an increase in urban problems such as drugs, crime and violence.

Food and fresh water shortages 

1 billion people are chronically hungry, but the world’s population will rise for another 50 years.  More and more people will want fewer resources, leading to more war and violence.